hn{Klmcm[\ \·tbm?

"hn{Klmcm[\ Xn·tbm?' (CtX]wIvXn P\phcn 2004) F¶ {io. ]n.hn. i¦c\mcmbWs³d Ipdn¸mWv Cu {]XnIcW¯n\v t{]cIw. hn{Klmcm[\bnepÅ AN©e hnizmks¯ At±lw \ymboIcn¡p¶Xn§s\: 1. Ckvemans³d Bcm[\ \qämWvSpIfmbn BhÀ¯n¨p]tbmKn¡p¶ hm¡pIfn Xs¶bmWv. 2. a\pjy_p²nsImWvSv GsXmcp k¦Â] IYm]m{X¯n\pw \ÂImhp¶ KpWhntij§fpw {kjvSmhn\v \ÂIs¸Sp¶p. 3. B ImeL«wapX CXphsc D]tbmKn¨phcp¶ A£c§Äam{XamtWm AÃmlphns\ Bcm[n¡pt¼mÄ apkvenans³d a\Ên tXm¶p¶Xv? 4. AÃmlp F¶v tIÄ¡pt¼mgpw B A£c§Ä ImWpt¼mgpw Hcp apkÂams³d a\Ên tXm¶p¶ `mhw Xs¶bmWv hn{Klw ImWpt¼mgpw kvacn¡pt¼mgpw hn{Klmcm[Is³d a\ÊnepWvSmIp¶Xv. 5. JpÀB³ ]dbp¶ hn{Klmcm[\bà `mcXobcptSXv. 6. Cuizck¯ Dfhm¡m³ hn{Kl¯n\v Ignbpw. 7. CjvStZhXmcm[\ t¾OamInÃ. 8. hn{Klmcm[\ {kjvSmhn ]¦p tNÀ¡eÃ; {kjvSmhns³d Xs¶ k¯bpsS hnhn[IeIÄ amXrIbm¡emWv. 9. _lpssZhmcm[\ GIssZhmcm[\bnepÅ ebamWv. 10. hn{Klmcm[\m hnaÀi\ teJ\§Ä Agp¡pIÄ hmcnt¯¨v ]pkvXI¯mfpIsf aen\am¡emWv.
Chs¡Ãmw A¡an«v adp]Sn BhiyanÃ. ImcWw FÃm Ime¯pw H¶pXs¶bmb Ckvemanse {]mÀY\m hN\§fnepw AÃmlp F¶ ]Z¯nepw hn{Kl§sf ZÀin¡p¶Xpw AÃmlphns³d KpWhntij§Ä ZmcpWm]cambn ImWp¶Xpsams¡ Ckvemanse ssZhw, Bcm[\, {]mÀY\ XpS§nbhsbIpdn¨pÅ APvRX \nan¯ambncn¡mw. Chsb¡pdn¨v hnime hniIe\¯n\v apXncp¶nÃ; Nne kqN\IÄ am{Xw.
km[mcW ImcyImcW§Ä¡XoXamb Hcp ZriyiIvXn Hcp hkvXphnepsWvS¶ hnizmk¯nÂ\n¶v DXv`qXamIp¶ At§bäs¯ kvt\lw, Xmgva, hn\bw, `b`IvXymZc§Ä F¶nhbpsS {]IS\amWv Bcm[\. kqcy\S¡apÅ \£{X§Ä, `qan, N{µ³ XpS§nb BImitKmf§Ä, hmbp, Imäv, shÅw, shfn¨w, AKv\n XpS§nb {]Xn`mk§Ä, kkyeXmZnIÄ, ]£narKmZnIÄ, aXvky§Ä, CgP´p¡Ä, Pohn¨ncn¡p¶hcpw acn¨pt]mbhcpamb almXvam¡Ä, Nn{X§Ä, hn{Kl§Ä, ihIpSoc§Ä XpS§nb \nÀPohhkvXp¡Ä F¶nhtbmSv ImWn¡p¶ Xmgvat]mepw Bcm[\bmWv. ImcWw AhbpsS AZriy IgnhnepÅ hnizmkamWv B Xmgva¡v \nZm\w. F¶m AhsbÃmw krjvSnIfmWv. Ahbvs¡m¶pw AZriyIgnhpIfnÃ. Cuizc³, kÀthizc³, CuizÀ, IÀ¯mhv, btlmh, tKmUv, AÃmlp XpS§nb kwPvRIfnednbs¸Sp¶ GIssZhw A§s\bÃ. Ah\v am{XamWv FÃm AZriyIgnhpIfpw. P\n¡m¯, acn¡m¯, FÃmän\v ap¼pw (BZnbnse) DÅ, FÃmän\ptijhpw tijn¡p¶, izkn¡m¯, Xn¶m¯, IpSn¡m¯, CWtNcm¯, k´m\aÃm¯, k´m\§fnÃm¯, £oWw _m[n¡m¯, ab§m¯, Dd§m¯, arKob`mh§sfm¶panÃm¯, AtXkabw tImSm\ptImSn \£{X§fpw {Kl§gpw D]{Kl§fpw aäpw \ndªp\n¡p¶ AXnKw`ocamb alm{]]©s¯bpw AXnepÅ kIe NcmNc§sfbpw A\yq\ambn krjvSn¨v, hiyamb GIXbn kwhn[m\n¨v, hyhkvY \nÀWbn¨v, amÀtZÀi\w \ÂIn ]cn]men¨pt]mcp¶ kÀhKpWk¼¶\mb A\ymZri iIvXnbmWv Ah³. a\pjy\S¡apÅ PohPme§Ä¡pw kkyeXmZnIÄ¡pw izkn¡m³ hmbp, IpSn¡m³ shÅw, Blcn¡m³ `£Ww, CW XpS§n F®nbmsemSp§m¯ A\p{Kl§Ä kwhn[m\n¨Xpw Ah³ Xs¶bmWv.
AÃmlp apl½Zv \_n (k)¡v \ÂInb Znhyshfn]mSpIfpsS kamlmcamb JpÀB\n AÃmlp kzbw ]cnNbs¸Sp¯p¶p: ""AÃmlpþ Ah\ÃmsX Bcm[y³ (ssZhw) CÃ. Fs¶¶pw Pohn¨ncn¡p¶h³. FÃmw \nb{´n¡p¶h³. ab¡tam Dd¡tam Ahs\ _m[n¡pIbnÃ. At³dXmWv BImi§fnepw `qanbnepapÅsXÃmw. Ahs³d A\phmZ{]ImcaÃmsX Ahs³dbSp¡Â ip]mÀi sN¿m\mcpWvSv? AhcpsS ap¼nepÅXpw AhÀ¡v ]n¶nepÅXpw Ah\nbp¶p. Ahs³d AdnhnÂ\n¶v Ahn\nOn¡p¶XÃmsX (asäm¶pw) AhÀ¡v kq£vaambn Adnbm³ IgnbpIbnÃ. Ahs³d cmP]oTw BImi§sfbpw `qansbbpw apgph³ DÄs¡mÅp¶XmIp¶p. AhbpsS kwc£Ww Ahs\m«pw `mcapÅXÃ. Ah³ D¶X\pw alm\pas{X'' (2:225). ""Xm\ÃmsX bmsXmcp Bcm[y\panÃm¯h\mb AÃmlphmWh³. AZriyhpw Zriyhpadnbp¶h\mWh³. Ah³ ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIp¶p..... cmPm[nImcapÅh\pw ]ca]cnip²\pw kam[m\w \ÂIp¶h\pw A`bw \ÂIp¶h\pw taÂt\m«w hln¡p¶h\pw {]Xm]nbpw ]cam[nImcnbpw al¯zapÅh\pamI¶p Ah³. AhÀ ]¦ptNÀ¡p¶XnÂ\ns¶Ãmw AÃmlp F{Xtbm ]cnip²³. {kjvSmhpw \nÀamXmhpw cq]w \ÂIp¶h\pamb AÃmlphs{X Ah³. Ah¶v Gähpw D¯aamb \ma§fpWvSv. BImi§fnepw `qanbnepapÅh Ahs³d al¯zs¯ {]IoÀ¯n¡p¶p. Ah\s{X {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\pw'' (59:22þ24). Chbpw JpÀB³ A\mhcWw sN¿p¶ asämcp]mSv KpWhntij§fpw A\ymZri\mb AÃmlphn\v am{Xw AÀlXs¸«XmWv. BcpsSsb¦nepw `mh\bn hncnbp¶Xà Ch. `mh\ sa\bp¶ km¦Â]nI IYm]m{X§Ä¡v Chbnsem¶pt]mepw hIsh¨psImSp¡m³ ]äpIbnÃ.
C\n Bcm[\sb]än: AÃmlp JpÀB\n DWÀ¯p¶p: "tl P\§tf! \n§sfbpw \n§Ä¡v ap¼pÅhscbpw krjvSn¨ \n§fpsS \mYs\ (am{Xw) \n§Ä Bcm[n¡phn³. \n§Ä tZmj_m[sb kq£n(¨v Pohn)¡phm³ thWvSnbs{X AXv. \n§Ä¡pthWvSn `qansb sa¯bpw BImis¯ Hcp sI«nShpw (taÂIqcbpw) B¡n¯cnIbpw BImi¯p\n¶v shÅw sNmcnªpX¶n«v AXp aptJ\ \n§Ä¡v `£n¡m\pÅ ImbvI\nIÄ DÂ]mZn¸n¨pXcpIbpw sNbvX (\mYs\ \n§Ä Bcm[n¡phn³). AXn\m (CsXÃmw) AdnªpsImWvSv \n§Ä AÃmlphn\v ka·msc DWvSm¡cpXv'' (2:21,22). Bcm[\ {kjvSmhpw \mY\pamb AÃmlphn\v am{Xw. \nÀPohamb hn{Kl¯nt\m atäsX¦nepw krjvSnt¡m Hcp hmbpIWtam PeIWtam `£WXctam ssPhtImitam ISpIpaWntbm krjvSn¡mt\m B ISpIv aWn apf¸n¡mt\m hfÀ¯mt\m DÅ IgnhnÃ. AXpsImWvSpXs¶ Ahsbsbm¶pw Bcm[n¨pIqSm. A§s\ Bcm[n¡pIbmsW¦n AXv AÃmlphn\v ka·mscbpw ]¦pImscbpw DWvSm¡emWv. CXdnªpsImWvSv AXv sN¿m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
AÃmlphns³d {]oXn am{Xw Imw£n¨psImWvSpÅ hnImchnNmc§fpw hm¡pIfpw {]hr¯nIfpw AÃmlphn\pÅ Bcm[\bmIp¶p. AXns³dsbms¡bpw ]n¶n At§bäs¯ Xmgva, kvt\lmZc§Ä, `b`IvXn, {]Xymi F¶nhtbmSpIqSnb a\Êns³d Hcp tX«apWvSvþ "\obnXv kzoIcn¡tW! {]Xn^ew \ÂItW! c£n¡tW! in£n¡cptX!' Cu tX«amWv {]mÀY\. AXv Dcphn«n«nsæn t]mepw a\ÊnepWvSmbncn¡pw. AZriyamb Hcp t{kmXÊnÂ\n¶pÅ klmbamWv tXSp¶Xv. Chs¡Ãmw AÀlambn«pÅ t{kmXÊv {kjvSmhpw \mY\pambn«pÅ AÃmlpam{XamWv. apl½Zv \_n (k) Acpfn: ""{]mÀY\ AXpXs¶bmIp¶p Bcm[\''. ""{]mÀY\ Bcm[\bpsS Im¼v (aÖ) BIp¶p''. Bcm[\ AÃmlphn\pam{Xw. AXpsImWvSv {]mÀY\bpw AÃmlpthmSpam{Xw. hn{Klt¯mtSm atäsX¦nepw hkvXpthmtSm {]mÀYn¨pIqSm. AÃmlp JpÀB\n AXnkpµchpw Nnt´m±o]Ihpamb HcpZmlcW¯neqsS hniZoIcn¡p¶p."" a\pjytc! HcpZmlcWanXm hnhcn¡s¸Sp¶p. \n§fXv {i²n¨ptIÄ¡pI. XoÀ¨bmbpw AÃmlphn\v ]pdsa \n§Ä hnfn¨v {]mÀYn¡p¶hÀ Hco¨sbt¸mepw krjvSn¡pIbnÃ. AXn\mbn AhscÃmhcpw H¯ptNÀ¶mÂt]mepw. Cu¨ AhcpsS ]¡Â\n¶v hÃXpw X«nsbSp¯m AXns³d ]¡Â\n¶Xv tamNn¸ns¨Sp¡m\pw AhÀ¡v IgnbnÃ. At]£n¡p¶h\pw At]£n¡s¸Sp¶h\pw ZpÀ_eÀXs¶'' (22:73). Cu¨sb¶ AXn\nÊmc Pohnsb krjvSn¡mt\m Cu¨bpsS icoc¯n ]än¸nSn¡p¶ AXnkq£vaamb `£Wmwiw t]mepÅh tamNn¸ns¨Sp¡mt\m GXv krjvSn¡mWv IgnbpI? hn{Kl¯n\v Ignbptam? aämÀs¡¦nepw?
F¶m AÃmlp F¶ ]Ztam F¶psa¶psam¶mb {]mÀY\mhN\§tfm AÃmlphns\ {]Xn\n[m\w sN¿p¶ hn{Kl§fÃ. Ah ImWpt¼mtgm kvacn¡pt¼mtgm apkvenw a\ÊpIfn AÃmlphns³d {]tXyI cq]w Dcp¯ncnbp¶nÃ. ImcWw AÃmlp Ahs\mcp cq]w hnhcn¨pX¶n«nÃ. AXnÃmsXXs¶ AhÀ¡v AÃmlphns\ Bcm[n¡m\pw hnfn¨v {]mÀYn¡m\pw IgnbpIbpw sN¿pw. ssZhw GI\msW¶Xpt]mse Ckvemanse \akvImcw ({]mÀY\), kIm¯v (\nÀ_\v[ Zm\[Àaw), {hXw, lPvPv XpS§nb Bcm[\IÄ¡pw Ahbnse {]mÀY\IÄ¡pw GIXm\XbpWvSv. AXv tZiw, `mj, hÀKw, hÀWw, Imew XpS§nb FÃm sshPmXy§Ä¡pw AXoXamWv. apl½Zv \_n (k)bpsS Imew apX temImhkm\whscbpÅ FÃm apkvenwIfpw Htc cq]¯nemWh BNcnt¡WvSXv.
D]cnkqNnX \ymb§fpsS ASnkvYm\¯nemWv Atd_ysbt¶m `mcXsat¶m DÅ hyXymkanÃmsX FÃm \m«nepw FÃm Ime¯pw Gähpw henb \· GIssZhmcm[\bpw Gähpw henb Xn· _lpssZhmcm[\bpamsW¶mWv Ckvemw DZvtLmjn¡p¶Xv. AXpsImWvSpXs¶ `mcX¯n \S¡p¶XS¡apÅ FÃmXcw hn{Klmcm[\Isfbpw CjvStZhXmcm[\Isfbpw JpÀB³ \ncmIcn¡p¶p.
C\n BtemNn¡pI; \nÀPohamb hn{Kl¯n\v kÀthizck¯ Dfhm¡m³ Ignbptam? _lpssZhmcm[\ GIssZhmcm[\bpambpÅ ebamtWm? _lpssZhmcm[\ kÀthizck¯bpsS hnhn[Xe§Ä amXrIbm¡emtWm? _p²nam\mb a\pjy³ Aht\¡msf{Xtbm DbÀ¶ AXn_p²nam\mb kÀthizcs\ Bcm[n¡p¶Xpw hnfn¨v {]mÀYn¡p¶Xpatà _p²n? hnhn[ Ime§fnepw tZi§fnepw `mjIfnepambn e£¡W¡n\v bpK]pcpj·mcmb {]hmNI·mÀ GIssZhmcm[\bpw aäp \·Ifpw IÂ]n¡pIbpw _lpssZhmcm[\bpw aäp Xn·Ifpw hne¡pIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. C¶v {]hmNI·mcnÃ. B \nebv¡v B ]hn{X ZuXy\nÀhlWmÀYw Bsc¦nepw FgpXnbm ]pkvXI¯mÄ aen\oIcWamIp¶sX§s\? bYmÀY¯n _lpssZhmcm[\¡pw hn{Klmcm[\¡pw thWvSnbpÅ Fgp¯n\tà B hniZoIcW§Ä tNcpI? GXmbmepw JpÀB³ hnhcWw, Fw.Fw. AIv_dns³d "AÃmlphns\ AdnbpI', "JpÀB\ns³d auenIX' XpS§nb {K\vY§Ä hmbn¨m kXyw DÄs¡mÅm\pw AkXyw XÅm\pw Igntª¡pw. AÃmlp A\p{Kln¡s«.

s]m^.]n.A_vZpÃ. tImgnt¡mSv

kwL]cnhmdns³d Ckvemw hnaÀi\s¯¡pdn¨v 2004 P\phcn e¡¯nÂh¶ teJ\w {it²bambn. CkvemwaXs¯tbm Ckvemans³d Ncn{Xw, kwkvImcw F¶nhsb¡pdnt¨m hkvXp\njvThpw kXyk\v[hpamb ]T\§sf B{ibn¨Ã kwL]cnhmÀ Fgp¯pImÀ AhcpsS ho£W§Ä AhXcn¸n¨phcp¶Xv. IÂ]nX IYIfpw ]¨bmb \pWIfpw sI«pIYIfpw \nc¯n AhcpsS BibKXnIÄ kaÀYn¡phm\mWv {ian¨ph¶n«pÅXv. IAv_sb¡pdn¨v Idp¯ ine F¶pw lPdp AkvhZns\¡pdn¨v inhenwKw F¶psaÃmapÅ PÂ]\§Ä kwL]cnhmdns³d Iqensbgp¯pImÀ AhXcn¸n¨p h¶n«pÅXv bmsXmcp sXfnhpIfpsSbpw ]n³_eanÃmsXbmWv. Ckvemans³d Ncn{X]camb kzoImcyX¡pta hymPIYIfpsS Icn\ng hogv¯phm\pw IAv_, AJvk XpS§nbhbpsS Ncn{Xs¯ sslµh hÂIcn¡m\papÅ {ia§Ä kwL]cnhmdns³d Fgp¯pIÀ \S¯nh¶n«pWvSv. C´ybpsS `qXIme Ncn{Xs¯ Xs¶bpw A«nadn¡m³ bmsXmcp aSnbpw ImWn¨n«nÃm¯hÀ¡v hnZqc tZi§fpsSbpw kwkvImc§fpsSbpw Imcy¯n adn¨ptXm¶m\nSbnÃtÃm.
apkvenw hncp² hnImcw ]SÀ¯p¶Xn\pthWvSn Ckvemanse kmt¦XnI ]ZmhenIsf sXämbn hymJym\n¡p¶ kao]\hpw kwL]cnhmÀ kzoIcn¨pÅXv ImWmw. KpPvdm¯n Iem]¯n\v sXm«pap¼pÅ Zn\§fn hnXcWw sN¿s¸« Nne eLpteJIfn Ckvemans\ Hcp `oIchkvXphmbn Nn{XoIcn¡p¶ Xc¯nepÅ ]eXcw ]cmaÀi§Ä ImWmw. ""PnlmZv'' F¶ t]cn {]ho¬`mbv sXmKmUnbbptSsX¶ \nebn ]pd¯nd¡nb Hcp IrXnbn Ckvemans\¡pdn¨v kmam\y hnPvRm\apÅ inip¡Ä¡pt]mepw ePvP tXm¶n¸n¡p¶ ]e ]cmaÀi§fpw ImWmhp¶XmWv. KpPvdm¯v Iem]¯n Hcp henb t{]cWbpw {]tNmZ\hpw F¶ \nebn hÀ¯n¨XmWv {]ho¬`mbv sXmKmUnbbpsS IrXn. ]¨bmb apkvenw hntcm[¯ns³d ad]nSn¨psIm­v krjvSn¨phnSp¶ IYIÄ Ncn{Xhpw X¯zimkv{Xhpambn amdpt¼mÄ AXns³d Zpc´§Ä¡v sam¯w am\hcminbpw ]m{Xo`qXambn¯ocpIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv.
Ckvemans\ ASnkvYm\clnXambn hnaÀin¡p¶ Imcy¯n kwL]cnhmdns³d AtX ssienbpw kao]\hpamWv tIcf¯nse "bpIvXnhmZnIÄ' F¶ t]cn Adnbs¸Sp¶ "A`n\h ^mknkväp'Ifpw kzoIcn¨phcp¶Xv. hkvXp\njvTamb ]T\hpw \nco£WhpanÃmsX ]¨bmb hntZzjw DÅnÂsh¨psIm­mWv bpIvXnhmZnIÄ Ckvemans\ hnaÀin¡mdpÅXv.
"bpIvXnhmZn ]WvUnX·mÀ' F¶t]cn Adnbs¸Sp¶ Nne hyIvXnIfpsS {K\vY§Ä kao]Ime¯v Rm³ hfsc kq£vaambn ]cntim[\bv¡v hnt[bam¡pIbp­mbn. Nne ]cmaÀi§Ä hmbn¨t¸mÄ aq¶mw¢mkv ^enXw hmbn¨Xpt]mse HcpXcw ePvPtbm, \nµyXtbm F¶p hnthNn¡m\mhm¯ tXm¶emWv bpIvXnhmZnIsf¡pdn¨v a\Ênep­mbXv. Ckvemans\ hnaÀin¡p¶ Imcy¯n GXv sNIp¯mt\mfhpw A[x]Xn¡m\pw bpIvXnbpsS am{XaÃ, kmam\y _p²nbpsSt]mepw \nehmc¯nÂ\n¶v Xmtgm«pt]mIm\pw ]eL«§fnepw bpIvXnhmZnIÄ aSnImWn¡mdnÃ. kwLv]cnhmdn\v AhcptSXmb cmjv{Sobþk¦pNnX e£y§Ä D­mbncn¡msa¦nÂ, ""FÃm aX§sfbpw Hsct]mse FXnÀ¡p¶hÀ'' F¶ apJwaqSnbWnªv \S¡p¶ bpIvXnhmZnIÄ Ckvemant\mSv ImWn¡p¶ i{XpXm]camb kao]\§Ä "kwLv]cnhmdpw' "bpIvXn]cnhmdpw' Htc XqhÂ]£nIfmWv F¶ ]camÀYamWv \ap¡v Nq­n¡mWn¨p Xcp¶Xv.

sI. lk³, ]met¡mSv