a

JpB Aimkv{XobwXs

kvt\lkwhmZw sk]vXw_ en {]knoIcn Fsd In\v adp]Snbmbn HIvtSm_ en h Iv ImWpIbpWvSmbn. JpBsd Aimkv{XobX Rm sXfnbnnnsmWv F\nsXnsc Dbnnp Btcm]Ww. JpBsd Aimkv{XobXI GXmWvSv Fmhpw Adnbmhp ImcyamWv. JpB\n Aimkv{Xobamb Hcp hmv t]mepansv ]dbp teJIsd ]cnKW\mbn GXm\pw NneXnhnsS Ipdnmw.
ssZhnI {K\vYamb JpB\nse `qan ]cXmWv. AXv DcpnsbSpm\mbn CkvemwaX {]NmcI \nccw I FgpXpIbpw Zpjv{]NcW \SpIbpw sNppsWvSnepw JpB\nse ]ZfpsS LS\bpw `mjm]camb AXnsd Ahpw JpB\nse hymIcWfpw Fpw hnfnp]dbpXv JpB\nse `qan ]cXmWv FXmWv. `qan Hcp tKmfamsWv hnizknph CkvemwaXn\nv ]pdv t]mIpsamWv bYm CkvemwaX ]WvUnXm Cu ASpImewhsc ]dphncpXv. Ahkcns\mpw Imcyem`n\v thWvSnbpw Cv JpB\ns\ ZphymJym\w sNppsWvSnepw apkvenw temIw AwKoIcnnp ]WvUnXmcpsS JpB hymJym\ \psS apnepWvSv. DZmlcWn\v Hcp apkvenw ]WvUnXsd A`n{]mbw ChnsS Dcnmw.
""`qan \nivNehpw kqcy NenpXpamWv. Fm `qan XncnbpIbpw kqcy kvYncambn \npIbpw sNpp F Bibw Cmep ]e A[ym]Icpw cNbnXmfpw ]cs hnizknpsImWvSncnpp. _lpP\nSbn Cu XXzw {]NcnphcnIbpamWv. AXn\m Cu hmZw sXmsWpw icnbmb hiw FmsWpw hniZoIcntWvSXv Fsd IhyamsWv Rm IcpXpp. ]cnip JpB\pw \_n hN\fpw CkvemanI ]WvUnXmcpsS GIoIrX A`n{]mb A\pkcnp {]ISamb Hcp kXyamWv. kqcy NenpIbpw `qan kvYncambn \npIbpw sNpp FXv hncnpw sXmnepw t]mse Amlp Xsd Zmkmv `qan hnimeampIbpw AXv sNcnbmXncnm ]XsfsmWvSv DdnpIbpw sNbvXncnbmWv. BbXpsImWvSv CXns\Xncmbn Bscnepw hmZnppsWvSn Ah Amlphnsdbpw JpB\nsdbpw t]cn Ifhv ]dh\mWv. AXn\m Ah ]ivNm]nv aStWvSh\pw Am]w Ah Im^ndpw (Aapkvenw) appw (aX]cnXymKn)Bbn sImstSWvShcpamWv. AhcpsS [\w apkvenw s]mXp ^WvSntev FSpsSWw'' (A dmCZv Ad_n amknI eIvs\m, 1996 P\phcn. DcWw i_m_v hmcnI17101990).
JpB\n A]mc]mWvUnXyap hyIvXnIfpsS ^XvhbmWv (aXhn[n) apIfn DcnXv. ChscmpwXs JpB ]TnmhcmsWv Bcpw ]dbpIbn. Cs apkvenw ]WvUnXmscmw Cu BibtmSv tbmPnmhcmWv. ta]d ^Xvh {]Imcw JpB\v hncpambn hnizknph h[inlcmb aX]cnXymKnIfmWv. Xmen_m `cWn CXn\p Dchv ]pdsSphnm\p km[yX Xnfbm ]n. bYm Ckvemw aX XXza\pkcnp Xmen_m `cWn Ccw aXhn[nI DWvSmIpsaXn Hpw ]pXpabn. kzw a\xkmnsb hnpsImWvSmsX JpB imkv{XobamsWv Hcmpw ]dbm ]n.
ssZhnI {K\vYamb JpB\nsd imkv{Xt_m[nsd Nne kmnfpI ImWpI: ""`qansb ]cnbXv \mw BIpp'' (51:4). ""`qan \ntfbpwsImWvSv Nmv t]mImXncnm AXn Ah Nne I\ ]X BWnbmbn kvYm]nncnpp'' (81:10). ""Amlp BImitfbpw `qantbbpw NenmXncnm ]nSnpshpsImWvSncnbmWv'' (35:41). ""Ggv BImisf H n\paosX Hmbn XpXpIfmbn Amlp Fs\ ]Spshncnppshv \n Im Wpnt?'' (71:15). ""kqcy ]I NenpsImWvSncnpXv k\v[ybmIptm HcnSv hn{ianm thWvSnbmWv'' (36:38). ""Xsd A\paXn IqSmsX BImiw `qanbn hoWpt]mImXncnm Amlp AXns\ XmnnSnncnpp'' (22:65).
Cu hoWsamw Ames hnizmkfmWv. AsXmpw XncpnsmSpm Amlp Xmdmbn FXpsImWvSv Xs ssZhhpambn \_nv bmsXmcp _\v[hpapWvSmbncpnsmWv sXfnbpXv. Ccw \Kv\kXy ]pdv ]dbptm AsXmw HmdnbdenkvpIfpsSbpw kbWnkvpIfpsSbpw I{]NcWamsWv XnhnSp aXhIvXm AXneqsS aXw hfm\p I{]NcWfmWv \SpXv. JpB\pw lZokpw CkvemwaX Ncn{X{K\vYfpw C_v\p lnimw XpSnbh FgpXnb ""XmcoJp Ckvem''apIfpw Dtm Fn\mWv HmdnbdenkvpItfbpw kbWnkvpItfbpw sXcpt]mIpXv? JpB\nepw lZoknepw h Aimkv{XobXIfpsSbpw A\v[hnizmkfpsSbpw ]nsemcp Awiwt]mepw kbWnkvpIfpw HmdnbdenkvpIfpw FgpXpItbm ]dbpItbm sNbvXnnsv CkvemwaXw ]Tnhsmw AdnbpXs?
skbvXv aplZv, B\bw

JpB\pw imkv{Xhpw ]ns bpIvXnhmZnIfpw

]cnWmahmZs hkvXp\njvTambn hnebncpnsmWvSv Pq ew kvt\l kwhmZn h teJ\sf hnainpsImWvSv sk]vXw_ ense hmb\mcpsS kwhmZn {ioam skbvXp aplZv FgpXnb Ipdnpw A Xns\Xnsc P\m_v sI.Fw. apkvX^bpsS JWvU\hpw (HIvtSm_ ew) hmbntm tXmnb Nne Imcy NphsS Ipdns.
HmaXmbn kvt\lkwhmZnsd ]{Xm[n]tcmSv: ]cnWma knms hnainpsImWvSv FgpXs teJ\fn Cu cwKs ]pXnb KthjWsf hkvXp\njvTambn hnebncpnbnn. B[p\nI ]cnWmahmZnIfn Hma\mbn AdnbsSp kvo^ sP.tKmUns Ever Since Darwin s\tmep {K\vYfnse hmZapJv adp]Sn ]dbphmt\m Ahbnse Aimkv{XobXI A\mhcWw sNmt\m IgnnnsXv Hcp ]cnanXn XsbmWv. AtXmsSmwXs Nne apkvenw _pnPohnI ]cnWmahmZnsd hIvXmfmbn \nehnepsWvS hkvXpX ]dbpIbpw AhcpsS hmZ JpB\n\pw kpn\pw A\pKpWamtWmsbv ]cntim[npIbpw IqSn BhiyambncppshmWv F\nv tXmpXv. Hcp CkvemanI {]knoIcWamIptm Acsamcp hniIe\n\v Gsd {]kIvXnbpWvStm.
P\m_v sI.Fw. apkvX^tbmSv: imkv{Xobamb hniIe\w hgn am{Xambn bpIvXnhmZnsd ap\sbmSnm\mIpsav IcpXpXv shdpsXbmWv. imkv{Xhpw kmlnXyhpw Ncn{Xhpsamw XfpsS D]IcWfmm {ianpIbmWv bpIvXnhmZnI sNpXv. CXnsdsbmw BXynI eyw aqeyclnXamb Hcp kaqlnsd krjvSnbmWv. hnhmtlXc ssewKnI _\v[fpw kzhKcXnbpsamw btYjvSw A\phZnsSp Hcp kaqlnsd kwkvYm]\n\pthWvSn ]cn{ianphcmWh. (temI {]ikvX bpIvXnhmZnbmb _m_md kvtamdpsS "Humanism" F ]pkvXIw t]Pv 7294 t\mpI). hnhmls ssewKnI _\v[n\p Hcp ssekkmnopshXmWv aXtmSp bpIvXnhmZnIfpsS ]Ip {][m\s ImcWfnsemsv bpIvXnhnNmcw amknI (amv 2000) AXnsd FUntmdnbhgn aebmfnIsf AdnbnXpamWv. _lp`mcyXzns\Xnsc i_vZnp ]e \ncoizcmpw "A\nhmcy' kmlNcyn Hne[nIw `mcyamsc kzoIcntWvSnhXn\v aebmfn av Xs kmnbpamWv. "]camh[n BkzZnpI'sb XXzimkv{Xn\v Zi\nsd apJwaqSn Nmphm\mWv Ah imkv{Xs D]tbmKnpXv. Fs\sbnepw imkv{Xs Xv A\pIqeambn hfsmSnm Ahv Ignbpw. \nPoh hkvXpfn\nv Poh D]mZnnsSpsav bpIvXnhmZnI kz]v\w ImWm XpSnbnv \mtfsdbmbn. imkv{Xnsd ]pXnb IsWvSepIPot\mw amnwKv ASw Cu kz]v\w kmmIcnsSpI IqSpX ZpjvcamsW AdnhmWv \apv \InsmWvSncnpXv. Fnepw, Poh ]coW \mfnbn krjvSnsnpWvSv Fphsc imkv{Xnsd t]cn bpIvXnhmZnI Iw ]dbpw. ]coW \mfnbn Poh krjvSnXn\mWv ltKmhnv sJmcm\v t\m_ km\w InnbsXv FgpXn sXncnnv \ncoizcmsc kwXr]vXcmn tdmbn hmnqp bpIvXnhmZn A`ymkn\v ]XnmWvSpIfpsS ]gapWvSv. tUm. Fw.]n. ]c taizcsd ""sshcpym[njvTnX `uXnIhmZw'' F ]pkvXIw (]pdw28) t\mpI. imkv{Xw FmWv IWvSp]nSntWvSsXv t\cs Xocpam\npdnm bpIvXnhmZnIv Btcm AhImiw \InbXpt]msebmWv ]ctaizc\pw skbvXpaplZpsamw Imcy FgpXpXv. CXnsd eyamIsssZh\ntj[hpw AXphgn aqey \ntj[hpamWv. ssZhhn[nsb Ifnbmn \Sncp bpIvXnhmZnIXs ""Hcp Ipn\v F{Xmas hbkn lrZvtcmKapWvSmIm km[yXbpsWvSv apIqn ]dbm Ignbpsav Po\pIsfpdn ]T\w sXfnbnpp''shv FgpXpXv ImWptm bYm hnizmknI kiIvX\v kvXpXnIfnpt]mIpp. IpWvSmbnpw A\v[cmbhsc Iv Xpdnphm imkv{Xhpw JpB\pw Xnep _\v[w ]dXpsImWvSv km[npsav apkvX^bpsS ipKXn icnpw Akw_\v[amWv. Iovaqdnsdbpw tamdnkv _pmbbpsSbpw KmcnandpsSbpsampw JpBimkv{X kw_\v[nbmb A`n{]mb {]IS\ imkv{Xobtam bpIvXn_\v[pctam Bbn AwKoIcnm bpIvXnhmZnIv Ignbn. JpB\nsd \nch[n kqIvXfn (DZm: 39:5, 55:17, 70:40) `qanbpsS tKmfmIrXnsbpdnv kqN\I \Inbnpw `utam]cnXen ]S Xpcm GsSpnb A\p{Kl  kqNnnpsImWvSv `qansb hnXm\nXmbpw hncnmnbXmbpw sXmnemnbXmbpap JpB\nI ]cmaifn\nv JpB\n ]c `qansbpdnmWv ]dsX KthjWw \Sn I WvSp]nSnphsc D Wphm km[nptam? ]cnip JpdB\nsd ASnkvYm\n Nnn BZyIme apkvenwIXs `qan Hcp tKmfamsW \nKa\nsenbncppsh imkv{X Ncn{XImc\mb C s{UbdpsS (A History of Astronomy from Thales to Kepler t\mpI). ]cmai apkvenw aXauenI hmZnIfn\nv ISsaSpsgpXnbXmsWphsc ]dbm Nnetm bpIvXnhmZnI kamtbpw. ]X `qanbnse BWnIfmbpw `uakwXpe\n\mbp ssZhnIm\p{Klambpw kqNnnp JpB\nI hN\fpsS kXyXbvv ]XfpsS ASn`mKp thcpIfpw Ah `qI XcwKfpsS thKX \nb{npsImWvSv `qanbpsS kwXpenXXzw \ne\nppshpap B[p\nI KthjW kmyw \nppsh hkvXpX AwKoIcnm bpIvXnhmZnIv Ignbn. `ua]T\cwKs ]pXnb KthjWsfpdnv hniZoIcnp bmsXmpw {inmsX JpB\nse ]Xw BWnbmsWv `knphcpsS Iv Xpdnm imkv{Xobamb hkvXpXI \ncpXpsImWvSv km[npsav apkvX^ IcpXpptWvSm?
{ioam skbvXp aplZnt\mSv: XmfpsS ]pkvXIfnepw teJ\fnepw kzoIcnncnp hrnsIXpw {]Xn] _lpam\anmXpamb ssien kvt\lkwhmZnsegpXnb In Dt]nXmbn ImWpXn ktmjapWvSv. CXv Xmfn KpW]camb ]cnWmaapWvSmIppshXnsd kqN\bmbn Rm IcpXpp. bpIvXnhmZnsd [manIXbn\nv Xm ]ptcmKanpXv ImWptm ktmjapWvSv. Ckvemant\mSp IpSnIv XmfpsS hyIvXn]camb A\p`h ImcWambnpWvSmImw. A\p`hv tasebmWv kXysav XncndnbpI. ]cnip JpB\nt\bpw {]hmNINcytbbpw t]mknohmbn IWvSpsImWvSv Hv ]Tnm {ianpIqtS? \psSsbmw PohnXnsd eyspdnv Kuchambn Hv NnnpIqtS? \XnIsfmsWv Hv BXvamambn hniIe\w sNbvXpIqtS? Fn tUm. Dkvam kmln_n\pw tUm. Dkvam tImbpapWvSmbXpt]msebp Hcp amw {]XonmhpXmbncpp. {]kvXpX amwsImWvSv Rmpw Hpw Inm\n; t\w Xmv am{XamWv.
tImb ]n. lk, atcn

{XntbIXzhpw ss__nfpw

kvt\l kwhmZw Amw ew hmbnp. ZmCIv ]Tnphm\p [mcmfw ]pXnb AdnhpI AXn \npw e`nppWvSv. "{XntbIXzw Hcp hniIe\w' F aplZen amkvdns teJ\w kphntij {]hIcpsS CSbn {XntbIXzs Ipdnv kwhZnphm\pw ss{IkvXh ktlmZcv {XntbIXzns s]mcsIpdnv a\nemnsmSpphm\pw D]Icnpw. ss__nfns shfnn hniZoIcnv FgpXnbnp B teJ\w hmbnm tbip ssZhamsbpw {XntbIXzs ss__n sImWvSv sXfnbnphm km[npIbnspw a\nemhpw. teJ\ns XpSn "Rm ssZhamWv Fs Bcm[npI' Ftm tbip ]dXmbn sXfnbnp Hcp hN\w t]mepw CFv sImSpnpWvSv. Fm ss__nfn eqtmkns kphntijn " \n Imsh Imsh Fv hnfnbpw Rm ]dbpXv A\pjvSnpIbpw sNmXncnpXv Fv?' (eqv 6:46)
Cu hN\w kphntij {]hIv tbiphns\ hnfnv {]mnphm sXfnhmphm ]ptam?.
j^ov AlZv, ]memSv.